2 of 4 · 6 AH onward · after al-Hudaybiyah · Madinah
Hafsah bint 'Umar رضي الله عنها
The Wife Who Asked
Hafsah was one of the few women of her time who could read and write; she is reported to have learned from al-Shifa' bint 'Abdullah, at the Prophet's ﷺ encouragement. And she was her father's daughter: she spoke her mind.
Once the Prophet ﷺ said that none of those who had given the pledge under the tree at al-Hudaybiyah would enter the Fire. Hafsah questioned it, reciting, ﴿وَإِنْ مِنْكُمْ إِلَّا وَارِدُهَا﴾ (“There is none of you but will pass over it”) (19:71). He did not rebuke her; he answered with the next verse: ﴿ثُمَّ نُنَجِّي الَّذِينَ اتَّقَوْا وَنَذَرُ الظَّالِمِينَ فِيهَا جِثِيًّا﴾ (“Then We will save those who were mindful of Allah, and leave the wrongdoers in it, on their knees”) (19:72) (Sahih Muslim 2496).
Asking in order to understand is not disrespect; the Prophet ﷺ answered a sincere question with the Qur'an itself.
Is there a question about your faith you have been afraid to ask — and who could you ask it of?
- Sahih Muslim 2496 Sahih · in the two Sahihs
- Qur'an 19:71-72
- Sunan Abi Dawud, Kitab al-TibbGrade not recorded here
What the hadith grades mean
- Sahih (authentic): an unbroken chain of trustworthy, precise narrators, free of hidden flaws or contradiction. It is acted upon.
- Hasan (good): like sahih, but a narrator's precision is slightly lighter. It is also accepted and acted upon. "Hasan sahih" means it reaches sahih by its routes.
- Da'if (weak): a break in the chain or a narrator who is not reliable enough. It is not used to establish beliefs or rulings.
- Very weak (munkar, matruk): a seriously flawed chain or a narrator accused of lying. It is not relied on at all.
- Mawdu' (fabricated): falsely attributed to the Prophet ﷺ. It may not be narrated as his words except to warn against it.
- The two Sahihs: every hadith with a full chain in Sahih al-Bukhari and Sahih Muslim is accepted as sahih by the scholars of hadith.
- Historical report: biographies and histories (Ibn Ishaq, Ibn Sa'd, al-Tabari) record events with chains that are often incomplete. They are used for the story, not for rulings.
- Hadith scholars grade a narration; the four madhhabs do not. Where a hadith carries a ruling, the page shows which schools act on it.
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