3 of 5 · 6 AH · Hudaybiyyah, before the document was dry · Hudaybiyyah
Suhayl ibn 'Amr رضي الله عنه
Abu Jandal in Chains
While the treaty was being written, Suhayl's own son, Abu Jandal, a Muslim imprisoned and tortured by his family in Makkah, came stumbling out of the lower part of the valley, dragging his chains. He threw himself in front of the Muslims, showing his wounds.
Suhayl said, "This is the first thing I ask of you, Muhammad: return him to me." The Prophet ﷺ said that the document had not yet been sealed. Suhayl said he would not make peace on any terms otherwise. The Prophet ﷺ asked him to make an exception, but he refused. The Prophet ﷺ turned to Abu Jandal and said, "Abu Jandal, be patient and hope for reward. Allah will make a way out for you and for the weak ones with you."
'Umar was deeply distressed and asked the Prophet ﷺ and Abu Bakr whether they were not on the truth, and why the religion should be belittled. It is among the moments the Companions later remembered with the greatest humility. Abu Jandal went back with his father. He later escaped and joined Abu Basir's band by the coast, until Quraysh themselves asked the Prophet ﷺ to take such men in. The pain of that day was real for everyone who saw it.
Keeping a covenant is hard exactly when it is costly, and Allah does not leave the patient without relief.
What promise have you kept when it hurt?
- Sahih al-Bukhari 2731 Sahih · in the two Sahihs
- Sahih al-Bukhari 2732 Sahih · in the two Sahihs
- Ibn Hisham, al-Sirah al-Nabawiyyah (Hudaybiyyah)Historical report
What the hadith grades mean
- Sahih (authentic): an unbroken chain of trustworthy, precise narrators, free of hidden flaws or contradiction. It is acted upon.
- Hasan (good): like sahih, but a narrator's precision is slightly lighter. It is also accepted and acted upon. "Hasan sahih" means it reaches sahih by its routes.
- Da'if (weak): a break in the chain or a narrator who is not reliable enough. It is not used to establish beliefs or rulings.
- Very weak (munkar, matruk): a seriously flawed chain or a narrator accused of lying. It is not relied on at all.
- Mawdu' (fabricated): falsely attributed to the Prophet ﷺ. It may not be narrated as his words except to warn against it.
- The two Sahihs: every hadith with a full chain in Sahih al-Bukhari and Sahih Muslim is accepted as sahih by the scholars of hadith.
- Historical report: biographies and histories (Ibn Ishaq, Ibn Sa'd, al-Tabari) record events with chains that are often incomplete. They are used for the story, not for rulings.
- Hadith scholars grade a narration; the four madhhabs do not. Where a hadith carries a ruling, the page shows which schools act on it.
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