2 of 2 · 9 AH · after his return from Syria · Madinah
'Adi ibn Hatim رضي الله عنه
The Guest and the Cushion
'Adi came to Madinah and found the Prophet ﷺ in the mosque. The Prophet ﷺ rose and took him home. On the way an old woman stopped them and kept the Prophet ﷺ talking about her need, and he stood with her for a long time. 'Adi said to himself that this was no king.
At the house the Prophet ﷺ pulled a leather cushion stuffed with palm fibre across to his guest and sat on the bare floor himself. 'Adi, a man used to rank, was struck by this. Then the Prophet ﷺ spoke to him honestly, without flattery, about what held him back. He pointed out that Christians treat their priests as lords beside Allah, that Muslims were poor now but would be rich, and that fear of the numbers of the enemy would pass.
'Adi accepted Islam. He also remembered the verse that was recited about his old faith: that people ﴿اتَّخَذُوا أَحْبَارَهُمْ وَرُهْبَانَهُمْ أَرْبَابًا مِّن دُونِ اللَّهِ﴾ (“took their rabbis and monks as lords besides Allah”) (9:31). The Prophet ﷺ explained to him that this meant they obeyed them in making lawful and unlawful what Allah had not.
True nobility is shown in how one treats a guest and the poor, and good da'wah speaks to the real obstacle in a person's heart.
Do you treat those below you in rank with the same ease as those above you?
- Qur'an 9:31
- Jami' al-Tirmidhi 3095Graded by Ahmad Muhammad Shakir: Hasan · Al-Albani: Hasan · Zubair Ali Zai: DaifHasan
- Musnad Ahmad (hadith of 'Adi ibn Hatim)Grade not recorded here
- Ibn Kathir, al-Bidayah wa'l-Nihayah (the delegation of Tayyi')Historical report
What the hadith grades mean
- Sahih (authentic): an unbroken chain of trustworthy, precise narrators, free of hidden flaws or contradiction. It is acted upon.
- Hasan (good): like sahih, but a narrator's precision is slightly lighter. It is also accepted and acted upon. "Hasan sahih" means it reaches sahih by its routes.
- Da'if (weak): a break in the chain or a narrator who is not reliable enough. It is not used to establish beliefs or rulings.
- Very weak (munkar, matruk): a seriously flawed chain or a narrator accused of lying. It is not relied on at all.
- Mawdu' (fabricated): falsely attributed to the Prophet ﷺ. It may not be narrated as his words except to warn against it.
- The two Sahihs: every hadith with a full chain in Sahih al-Bukhari and Sahih Muslim is accepted as sahih by the scholars of hadith.
- Historical report: biographies and histories (Ibn Ishaq, Ibn Sa'd, al-Tabari) record events with chains that are often incomplete. They are used for the story, not for rulings.
- Hadith scholars grade a narration; the four madhhabs do not. Where a hadith carries a ruling, the page shows which schools act on it.
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