3 of 5 · 7th–10th year of prophethood · c. 616–619 CE · The valley (shi'b) of Abu Talib, Makkah
Abu Talib ibn 'Abd al-Muttalib
The Valley of Abu Talib
When pressure failed, Quraysh and their allies swore a pact against Banu Hashim and Banu al-Muttalib: no one would marry from them or trade with them until they handed the Prophet ﷺ over. Years later the Prophet ﷺ still remembered the place where they had sworn it (Sahih al-Bukhari 1590).
Abu Talib, now an old man, led his clan into the narrow valley that bore his name. For about three years they lived there on whatever food could be smuggled in, and the biographers say the cries of hungry children could be heard outside.
The biographers also report that Abu Talib feared someone would attack his nephew at night. After the Prophet ﷺ lay down, he would have him move, and put one of his own sons in his bed. He was ready to risk his own child to keep the Messenger ﷺ safe.
Abu Talib chose hunger and isolation over handing over the one he protected; protection is proven when it becomes costly.
What comfort would you give up to protect someone who depends on you?
- Sahih al-Bukhari 1590 Sahih · in the two Sahihs
- Ibn Hisham, al-Sirah al-NabawiyyahHistorical report
- Ibn Sa'd, al-Tabaqat al-KubraHistorical report
What the hadith grades mean
- Sahih (authentic): an unbroken chain of trustworthy, precise narrators, free of hidden flaws or contradiction. It is acted upon.
- Hasan (good): like sahih, but a narrator's precision is slightly lighter. It is also accepted and acted upon. "Hasan sahih" means it reaches sahih by its routes.
- Da'if (weak): a break in the chain or a narrator who is not reliable enough. It is not used to establish beliefs or rulings.
- Very weak (munkar, matruk): a seriously flawed chain or a narrator accused of lying. It is not relied on at all.
- Mawdu' (fabricated): falsely attributed to the Prophet ﷺ. It may not be narrated as his words except to warn against it.
- The two Sahihs: every hadith with a full chain in Sahih al-Bukhari and Sahih Muslim is accepted as sahih by the scholars of hadith.
- Historical report: biographies and histories (Ibn Ishaq, Ibn Sa'd, al-Tabari) record events with chains that are often incomplete. They are used for the story, not for rulings.
- Hadith scholars grade a narration; the four madhhabs do not. Where a hadith carries a ruling, the page shows which schools act on it.
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